The purpose of this thesis paper is to analyze in which method are organized protection of the rights of pregnant women on labor market in Croatian legislation. At the beginning will be considered legal sources protection of motherhood, Croatian, international and European legislation. Then will be given definitions of pregnant women, worker who gave birth and worker who is breastfeeding according to Zakon o rodiljnim i roditeljskim potporama. While the third part briefly describes the historical development women`s rights in Europe and Croatian. The most important part of this work is „Protection of motherhood“ since this part describeds in detail all the rights that women have during pregnancy, childbirth and in returning to work. A major problem that pregnant women face in the labor market is discrimination in employment, and at the work place. The paper describes the problems of sex discrimination and gives insight in the state of the Croatian labor. And the final section analyzes the case law of three courts, Croatian Constitutional Court, Croatian Supreme Court and European Court in Luxembourg.