Title (croatian) Osiguranje od odgovornosti odvjetnika (s osvrtom na neka rješenja u poredbenom pravu) Title (english) LAWYER’S PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY INSURANCE (PAYING A SPECIAL ATTENTION TO CERTAIN LEGAL SOLUTIONS IN THE COMPARATIVE LAW) Title (german) HAFTPFLICHTVERSICHERUNG VON ANWÄLTEN (MIT ÜBERSICHT ÜBER EINIGE REGELUNGEN IN DER RECHTSVERGLEICHUNG) Author Loris Belanić Author's institution University of Rijeka Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Abstract (croatian) Osiguranje od odgovornosti odvjetnika, kao obvezno osiguranje, u hrvatski pravni sustav uvedeno je još davne 1994. godine tadašnjim Zakonom o odvjetništvu (NN, br. 9/94). Od tog vremena u primjeni su i Opći uvjeti osiguranja od odgovornosti odvjetnika (1.1. 1995.) koji se do danas nisu mijenjali. No, u međuvremenu je Zakon o odvjetništvu doživio izmjene i dopune, a koje su se dotakle i osiguranja od odgovornosti odvjetnika. Također, došlo je i do određenih promjena i u zakonskom uređenju ugovora o osiguranju (ZOO 2005). Posljedica toga je postojanje određenog stupnja neusklađenosti, kako zakonskih propisa međusobno, tako i Općih uvjeta osiguranja sa zakonskim propisima. Pored toga, i same pojedine odredbe Općih uvjeta osiguranja međusobno su kolidirajuće. S obzirom na navedeno, u praksi, (ali i u pravnoj teoriji), javljaju se pojedini problemi i dvojbe koje do danas nisu riješena. Neka od postojećih rješenja, kao što će se vidjeti nisu ni u skladu, ni sa svrhom obveznog osiguranja od odgovornosti, pa čak ni sa strukom osiguranja. Cilj je ovog rada prikaz rješenja tih pravnih problema i dvojbi, od kojih su neka već zastupljena u pravnoj literaturi, ali i da ponudi neka nova rješenja. U takvom nastojanju, u radu, autor pokušava ponajprije prikazati trenutnu pravnu situaciju u obveznom osiguranju od profesionalne odgovornosti odvjetnika glede nekih najvažnijih pitanja ove grane osiguranja: pravnih izvora, sklapanja ugovora o osiguranju od odgovornosti, određivanja stranaka u ugovoru o osiguranju, određivanja kruga trećih osoba, opsega pokrića rizika i pojedinih isključenja iz pokrića te minimalnih svota osiguranja. Pri tomu se usporedno ukazuje na spomenute sporne momente u pojedinim pitanjima te se pokušava iznaći rješenja da se oni prevladaju. U iznalaženju takvih rješenja u radu se navode i komentiraju primjeri iz poredbenog prava koji bi, prema stajalištu autora, mogli poslužiti i kao uzorak za hrvatsko pravo.
Abstract (english) Lawyer’s professional liability insurance, as a mandatory insurance, was introduced within the Croatian legal system in 1994 by, at that time actual the Law on the Legal Profession (Official Gazette, no. 9/94). Since then, (more precisely from the first of January, 1995) the General Conditions of Lawyer’s Professional Liability Insurance have been in effect without being subjected to any alterations. Nevertheless, in the meantime, the Law on the Legal Profession was amended. Some amended provisions also regulated the lawyer’s professional liability. Moreover, certain amendments were introduced in the legal regulation of insurance contract (the 2005 Civil Obligations Act). Consequently, legal professionals have being facing a certain degree of legal incompatibility between the legal regulations as well as between the regulations and the General Insurance Conditions. In addition, certain provisions of the General Insurance Conditions are in collision. Having this in mind, certain issues and doubts arise in practice (in legal theory also), which have not been resolved so far. Some existing solutions, as we shall see, are not in accordance with the purpose of mandatory liability insurance, and not even with the insurance profession. The aim of this article is to present an overview of solutions to aforesaid legal issues and doubts, some of them being already represented in the legal literature, as well as to offer some new solutions. In effort to achieve that, the author in this article, first of all, tries to present the current legal situation regarding the mandatory lawyers’ professional liability insurance with regard to the most important issues of this branch of insurance: legal sources, stipulation of liability insurance contract, identification of contractual parties in insurance contract, identification of third parties, determination of a risk covered by the insurance policy, eventual exclusions from coverage and minimal sum insured. While doing so, the author points at aforesaid disputable issues and makes an effort to find solutions de lege ferenda. Therefore, the author presents and makes comments on certain comparative legal solutions, which could be regarded, according to the author, as a following example for Croatian law.
Abstract (german) Die Versicherung von Anwaltshaftung als Haftpflichtversicherung ist schon 1994 in das kroatische Rechtssystem durch das damalige Anwaltschaftsgesetz (Amtsblatt Nr. 9/94) eingeführt worden. Seit dieser Zeit sind auch die bis heute nicht geänderten Allgemeinen Bedingungen der Haftpflichtversicherung von Anwälten (vom 1. 1. 1995) anwendbar. Allerdings sei das oben genannte Anwaltschaftsgesetz in der Zwischenzeit geändert und ergänzt worden. Dadurch wurden auch die Bestimmungen bezüglich der Anwaltshaftpflichtversicherung betroffen. Weiterhin haben auch einige Veränderungen hinsichtlich der Regelung des Versicherungsvertrags (durch das Gesetz über Schuldverhältnisse aus dem Jahr 2005) stattgefunden. Als Folge dessen besteht gewisse Diskrepanz zwischen den jeweiligen Gesetzesbestimmungen, wie auch zwischen den Allgemeinen Versicherungsbedingungen und Gesetzesbestimmungen. Darüber hinaus stehen auch einige Verordnungen der Allgemeinen Versicherungsbestimmungen in Kollision zueinander. Aus diesem Grunde erscheinen sowohl in der Praxis, als auch in der Rechtstheorie gewisse Probleme und Zweifel, die bis heute noch nicht gelöst worden sind. Unter den vorhanden Regelungen sind einige weder in Einklang mit dem Zweck der Haftpflichtversicherung, noch mit dem Versicherungsfach, wie gezeigt werden wird. Diese Arbeit beabsichtigt daher Lösungen für die genannte Problematik und Zweifel darzustellen, wobei einige dieser Lösungen schon in der Rechtsliteratur vorhanden sind, andere allerdings neu angeboten werden. Mit diesem Anliegen betrachtet der Autor zuerst die gegenwärtige Rechtslage der Haftpflichtversicherung von Anwälten in Bezug auf die für diese Versicherungsart wichtigsten Fragen: Rechtsquellen, Abschließung der Verträge über Haftpflichtversicherung, Feststellung der Parteien in diesen Verträgen, Feststellung der Drittpersonen, Umfang der Risikoabdeckung und einige Abdeckungsauschlüsse, und Mindestversicherungsbeträge. Dabei wird auf die erwähnten umstrittenen Aspekte hingewiesen. Zur Beseitigung dieser Mängel werden Beispiele aus der Rechtsvergleichung angegeben und kommentiert, die nach dem Autor, als Muster für das kroatische Recht dienen könnten.
Keywords (croatian)
odvjetnik
osiguranje od odgovornosti
uvjeti osiguranja
Zakon o odvjetništvu
Keywords (english)
lawyer
liability insurance
insurance conditions
Law on the Legal Profession
Keywords (german)
der Anwalt
Haftpflichtversicherung
Versicherungsbedingungen
Anwaltschaftsgesetz
Language croatian Publication type Professional paper - Professional paper Publication status Published Peer review Peer review - domestic Publication version Published version Journal title Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Rijeci Numbering vol. 31, no. 1 Supplement, pp. 263-293 p-ISSN 1330-349X e-ISSN 1846-8314 URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:118:985947 Publication 2010-04-08 Document URL https://hrcak.srce.hr/53534 Type of resource Text Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2018-03-22 08:34:18
