One way of protection agricultural and food products is labeling the product with one of the labels. There are geographical indications and designations of origin. Both are protected as industrial property rights, which include trademarks. The European Union is making great efforts to protect its traditional products through its agreements with other countries. Regulations and other acts are also adopted within the European Union in order to achieve a single labeling system for a large number of European Union Member States and facilitate trade in products marked with a geographical indication. Labeling a product with one of the labels, the product is protected, consumers are guaranteed the quality of that product, rural development is encouraged, the region from which a particular product comes is promoted. Currently, 31 products are protected at the European Union from the territory of the Republic of Croatia, and 10 have applied for registration. This paper deals with the protection of products marked with a geographical indication, similarities and differences between other industrial property rights and geographical indications. Differences and coincidences between geographical indications and designations of origin. Likewise, the paper also deals with difference between agricultural products from non-agricultural, and their protection.