The paper will talk about the judicial power of the Republic of Croatia and its historical development. Furthermore, it will be described who makes the judiciary independent and autonomous in the Republic of Croatia. Judicial power is exercised by regular and specialized courts, which are divided into courts of first instance and courts of second instance. The aforementioned courts make decisions on the basis of the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia, laws, international treaties and other applicable legal norms. An independent judiciary was established only after the independence of Croatia in 1991. With the adoption of the new Constitution and law, the judicial power is more clearly defined, and with the establishment of the State Judicial Council, as an independent body, the work of the judicial power is regulated. With the oath, the judge promises to respect the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia, laws and other legal norms, but also to judge fairly, independently and impartially, which constitutes the very independence of the judiciary. The Venice Commission has a number of different opinions about judicial authority, and we have mentioned some of these opinions in this paper.